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సుప్రీం 'అయోధ్య' తీర్పులో ఎన్నో ప్రత్యేకతలు
అయోధ్యపై సుప్రీంకోర్టు తీర్పు పలు ప్రత్యేకతల సమాహారంగా నిలిచింది. సుప్రీం చరిత్రలో ఎక్కువ రోజులు వరుస విచారణ సాగిన రెండో కేసుగా గణాంకాలకెక్కింది. 1000కి పైగా పేజీల తీర్పులో 116 పేజీల ప్రత్యేక అనుబంధాన్ని వెలువరించిన ధర్మాసనం.. తీర్పు రాసిన న్యాయమూర్తి పేరు ప్రస్తావించకపోవడం సుప్రీం చరిత్రలోనే తొలిసారి.
సుప్రీం 'అయోధ్య' తీర్పులో ఎన్నో ప్రత్యేకతలు
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Published : Nov 9, 2019, 4:39 PM IST
| Updated : Nov 9, 2019, 4:57 PM IST
దశాబ్దాల అయోధ్య భూ వివాదంపై సుప్రీంకోర్టు వెలువరించిన సంచలన తీర్పులో అనేక ప్రత్యేకతలున్నాయి. దేశవ్యాప్తంగా ఉత్కంఠ రేకెత్తించిన ఈ కేసు తీర్పును సర్వోన్నత న్యాయస్థానం సంప్రదాయానికి భిన్నంగా వెలువరించింది. ఐదుగురు న్యాయమూర్తుల బెంచ్‌లో తీర్పు రాసిన న్యాయమూర్తి ఎవరో ధర్మాసనం పేర్కొనలేదు. ఇలాంటి సందర్భాలు సుప్రీంకోర్టు చరిత్రలో లేనేలేవని న్యాయవర్గాలు అంటున్నాయి. మొత్తం 1045 పేజీల తీర్పులో.. 116 పేజీల ప్రత్యేక అనుబంధాన్ని వెలువరించిన ధర్మాసనం.. ఆ అనుబంధంలో పూర్తిగా రామజన్మభూమిపై హిందువుల నమ్మకం, విశ్వాసాలనే ప్రస్తావించడం మరో ప్రత్యేకత.
ఇదే సమయంలో సుప్రీంకోర్టు చరిత్రలో జరిగిన మారధాన్‌ విచారణల్లో.. అయోధ్య కేసు రెండో స్థానంలో నిలిచింది. అయోధ్య వివాదంపై సుప్రీం కోర్టులో 40 రోజుల వరుస విచారణ జరిగింది. మధ్యవర్తుల పరిష్కార ప్రయత్నం విఫలమవడం వల్ల ఈ ఏడాది ఆగస్టు 6న అయోధ్య కేసుపై విచారణ ప్రారంభించిన ధర్మాసనం.. అక్టోబర్‌ 16న ముగించింది. 1973లో రాజ్యాంగ మౌలిక నిర్మాణానికి సంబంధించి కేశవానంద భారతి కేసు విచారణ 68 రోజులు సాగింది. 1950లో సుప్రీం కోర్టు ఏర్పడినప్పటి నుంచి అత్యధిక రోజులు విచారణ జరిగిన కేసు కేశవానంద భారతిదేకాగా.. రెండో స్థానంలో అయోధ్య కేసు నిలిచింది. ఇక 38 రోజుల విచారణతో.. ఆధార్‌ చట్టబద్ధత కేసు మూడో స్థానంలో నిలిచింది.
దశాబ్దాల అయోధ్య భూ వివాదంపై సుప్రీంకోర్టు వెలువరించిన సంచలన తీర్పులో అనేక ప్రత్యేకతలున్నాయి. దేశవ్యాప్తంగా ఉత్కంఠ రేకెత్తించిన ఈ కేసు తీర్పును సర్వోన్నత న్యాయస్థానం సంప్రదాయానికి భిన్నంగా వెలువరించింది. ఐదుగురు న్యాయమూర్తుల బెంచ్‌లో తీర్పు రాసిన న్యాయమూర్తి ఎవరో ధర్మాసనం పేర్కొనలేదు. ఇలాంటి సందర్భాలు సుప్రీంకోర్టు చరిత్రలో లేనేలేవని న్యాయవర్గాలు అంటున్నాయి. మొత్తం 1045 పేజీల తీర్పులో.. 116 పేజీల ప్రత్యేక అనుబంధాన్ని వెలువరించిన ధర్మాసనం.. ఆ అనుబంధంలో పూర్తిగా రామజన్మభూమిపై హిందువుల నమ్మకం, విశ్వాసాలనే ప్రస్తావించడం మరో ప్రత్యేకత.
ఇదే సమయంలో సుప్రీంకోర్టు చరిత్రలో జరిగిన మారధాన్‌ విచారణల్లో.. అయోధ్య కేసు రెండో స్థానంలో నిలిచింది. అయోధ్య వివాదంపై సుప్రీం కోర్టులో 40 రోజుల వరుస విచారణ జరిగింది. మధ్యవర్తుల పరిష్కార ప్రయత్నం విఫలమవడం వల్ల ఈ ఏడాది ఆగస్టు 6న అయోధ్య కేసుపై విచారణ ప్రారంభించిన ధర్మాసనం.. అక్టోబర్‌ 16న ముగించింది. 1973లో రాజ్యాంగ మౌలిక నిర్మాణానికి సంబంధించి కేశవానంద భారతి కేసు విచారణ 68 రోజులు సాగింది. 1950లో సుప్రీం కోర్టు ఏర్పడినప్పటి నుంచి అత్యధిక రోజులు విచారణ జరిగిన కేసు కేశవానంద భారతిదేకాగా.. రెండో స్థానంలో అయోధ్య కేసు నిలిచింది. ఇక 38 రోజుల విచారణతో.. ఆధార్‌ చట్టబద్ధత కేసు మూడో స్థానంలో నిలిచింది.
ఇదీ చూడండి:- అయోధ్య కేసు: సుప్రీం తీర్పులో ప్రధానాంశాలివే..
ITA ELECTRIC BIKES
SOURCE: ASSOCIATED PRESS
RESTRICTIONS: AP Clients Only
LENGTH: 6.53
SHOTLIST:
Associated Press - AP Clients Only
Milan, Italy - 6 November, 2019
1. Mid of Harley Davidson LiveWire
2. Wide tilt down of same
3. Close tilt up of LiveWire battery
4. Mid front three quarters of LiveWire
5. Various set up shots of Paul James opening LiveWire charging terminal
6. SOUNDBITE: (English) Paul James, PR Manager, Harley-Davidson
"So 2020 is really a breakthrough year for electric motorcycles, it's the first production Harley-Davidson electric motorcycle from a major motorcycle manufacturer. You think about it, our brand, our dealer network is very well-known, all of our dealers will have electric charging at their dealerships free for LiveWire owners, so it really makes a statement about the electrification of motorcycling and bringing electric motorcycles mainstream."
7. Close pan right of Harley Davidson pedal electric bike
8. Mid tilt up of same
9. Wide of same
10. Close tilt down of handlebars to pedal
11. Low angle of Energica Eva Ribelle
12. Mid pan right of Energica battery
13. Various set up shots of Livia Cevolini
14. SOUNDBITE: (English) Livia Cevolini, CEO, Energica
"So 2020 will be the big year - so it will be the most important year - because first of all we are introducing the most important novelty, a bigger battery, that means more range and more performance,"
15. Cut away of show visitor testing the Energica Eva
16. SOUNDBITE: (English) Lidia Cevolini, CEO, Energica
"Let's say that we are reaching now 400km in urban mode of range so it's a very big jump in the two wheelers industry."
17. Wide of Zero Motorcycles stand
18. Mid of Abe Askenazi plugging in Zero motorcycle
19. Close of plug
20. Close of LCD display showing battery life and performance
21. Mid tilt up of Zero motorcycle battery
22. Close of Zero motorcycle motor
23. SOUNDBITE: (English) Abe Askenazi, chief technology officer, Zero Motorcycles
"When I started working at Zero about ten years ago, the highest mileage we had on one of our models was 32 miles and in these ten years now we're up to 220 miles."
24. Mid pan right of Zero SRF
25. SOUNDBITE: (English) Abe Askenazi, chief technology officer, Zero Motorcycles
"We have grown with this idea that a motorcycle has to do with the sound, the noise that it makes, the vibration that it has, so there's this notion that when you take the noise away and you take the vibration away and you take the heat away that the experience is going to be bland, right - that you're taking away the experience. What's really interesting is that the opposite is true, that when you take those things away, you take the drama, it's like a veil is lifted, and what you experience is the pure thrill of the machine, all of a sudden you accelerate and you have no sense as to how that's happening - it feels magical."
26. Various of Igor Berzi talking to man
27. SOUNDBITE: (English) Igor Berzi, editor, Superbike Italia
"Motorcyclists that always have been riding petrol bikes loves the sound of these bikes - it's one of the most exciting components of the bike. So that zzzzzzzzzzz, zzzzzzzzz it's not good. It's not something that makes your heart feel so happy of riding the bike. It seems a secondary thing but for real fans of sport motorcycles it's very important."
28. Mid of Kawasaki EV concept
29. Close tilt down showing conventional motorcycle style gearbox
30. Mid tilt up of battery
31. SOUNDBITE: (English) Martin Lambert, communications manager, Kawasaki
"Instead of the normal approach to an electronic vehicle we've decided that this needs to appeal to motorcyclists as well, not just the eco people, but people who are current motorcyclists using gasoline engines. So it's got a gearbox, it's got four-speeds, it's got a clutch. The riding sensation in that respect is very much like a motorcycle."
32. Close of Vespa logo
33. Wide of Vespa Elettrica
34. Close of Elettrica logo
35. Mid of Simon Greenacre demonstrating the Elettrica
36. Mid of Vespa Elettrica dash
37. Close of Elettrica dash showing range and battery life
38. SOUNDBITE: (English) Simon Greenacre, Piaggio spokesperson
"Without a shadow of a doubt the model that is taking Vespa into the future, it's helping people to commute quietly, cleanly, be more eco conscious."
39. Mid of media surrounding new Bimota
40. Wide of packed press conference for Aprilia new model announcements
LEADIN:
2020 is being tipped as a breakthrough year for electric motorcycles with battery technology, range and cost finally making production bikes feasible.
But are bikers prepared to say goodbye to gasoline ?
STORYLINE:
The badge on the tank says Harley-Davidson - but where's all the chrome and the distinctive V-twin engine?
The Harley LiveWire needs neither, it is the American brand's first production electric motorbike.
The bike will go on sale priced at USD $29,799.
The range of the LiveWire is 146 miles of urban riding and 95 miles of mixed city and highway riding.
Harley-Davidsons aren't traditionally thought of as performance motorcycles, but the LiveWire accelerates from 0-60mph in under three seconds and has a top speed of 110mph.
PR Manager at Harley-Davidson, Paul James, says he expects to make headlines.
"So 2020 is really a breakthrough year for electric motorcycles, it's the first production electric motorcycle from a major motorcycle manufacturer," he says.
"You think about it, our brand, our dealer network is very well-known, all of our dealers will have electric charging at their dealerships free for LiveWire owners, so it really makes a statement about the electrification of motorcycling and bringing electric motorcycles mainstream."
The performance stats of electric motorcycles are starting to turn heads.
Italian biker maker Energica has some of the most performance driven electric bikes in the industry - borrowed from its background in the MotoE racing championship (the electric support class in MotoGP).
The Energica Eva Ribelle street fighter packs the latest 21.5kW lithium ion batteries - which give the bike a top speed of 125mph and a range of 400km (around town).
Livia Cevolini is the CEO at Energica and she believes 2020 is a breakthrough year for electric vehicles - with battery technology finally reaching the point where it can compete with petrol equivalents.
"So 2020 will be the big year - so it will be the most important year - because first of all we are introducing the most important novelty, a bigger battery, that means more range and more performance," she says.
Range anxiety has always been one of the biggest challenges for the electric bike makers, but now the latest models are outstripping many of the petrol power machines (which might have a range between 100-200 miles).
Cevolini says: "Let's say that we are reaching now 400km in urban mode of range, so it's a very big jump in the two wheelers industry."
Of course, the big advantage of a petrol motorcycle is that it can be refuelled in five minutes.
Traditionally, electric vehicles required a slow overnight charge of around eight hours to recharge a drained battery.
The latest technology being used by American bike maker Zoom Motorcycles allows a battery to be charged in an hour.
Abe Askenazi, chief technology officer at Zero Motorcycles has been in the EV industry for a decade and has witnessed the pace of development.
"When I started working at Zero about ten years ago, the highest mileage we had on one of our models was 32 miles and in these ten years now we're up to 220 miles," he says.
Perhaps surprisingly Askenazi doesn't believe the biggest challenge for electric bike makers is a technological one. He thinks convincing bikers to give up petrol engines - with their noise, vibration and heat - is more challenging.
"We have grown with this idea that a motorcycle has to do with the sound, the noise that it makes, the vibration that it has, so there's this notion that when you take the noise away and you take the vibration away and you take the heat away that the experience is going to be bland, right - that you're taking away the experience," he says.
"What's really interesting is that the opposite is true, that when you take those things away, you take the drama, it's like a veil is lifted, and what you experience is the pure thrill of the machine, all of a sudden you accelerate and you have no sense as to how that's happening - it feels magical."
He might be right.
Adrenaline junkie Igor Berzi is the editor of Superbike Italia - a magazine that's as loud as the high-performance machines it tests.
With acceleration figures of the latest batch of electric bikes matching - or in many cases beating - petrol equivalents, is he finally convinced?
"Motorcyclists that always have been riding petrol bikes loves the sound of these bikes - it's one of the most exciting components of the bike," he says.
"So that zzzzzzzzzzz, zzzzzzzzz it's not good. It's not something that makes your heart feel so happy of riding the bike. It seems a secondary thing but for real fans of sport motorcycles it's very important."
Japanese bike maker Kawasaki thinks it might have a solution.
The EV concept it unveiled at the EICMA show features a traditional clutch and gearbox - elements that are missing from most conventional electric bikes which use twist-and-go systems (like scooters or mopeds).
Martin Lambert, communications manager at Kawasaki says he hopes that the more familiar feeling of a clutch will help bikers connect with the electric vehicle.
"Instead of the normal approach to an electronic vehicle we've decided that this needs to appeal to motorcyclists as well, not just the eco people, but people who are current motorcyclists using gasoline engines, so it's got a gearbox, it's got four-speeds, it's got a clutch. The riding sensation in that respect is very much like a motorcycle," he says.
This isn't a problem the famous Italian scooter maker Vespa needs to be concerned about.
Instead, for Piaggio, it is more important to retain the Vespa's iconic styling.
Vespas are typically city machines designed for style-conscious urbanites, so range and performance are less of a concern.
Last year Vespa released a moped version of the Elettrica with a top speed of just 28mph.
This latest machine for 2020 makes around 45mph with a range of up to 62 miles.
No price has been announced, but last year's electric moped model costs £6,299.
Piaggio spokesperson Simon Greenacre says:
"Without a shadow of a doubt the model that is taking Vespa into the future, it's helping people to commute quietly, cleanly, be more eco conscious."
The EICMA show is the largest motorcycle show in the world and runs from 5-10 November, 2019.
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Last Updated : Nov 9, 2019, 4:57 PM IST
