మీకు ఆనందం వచ్చినా..బాధ కలిగినా మీరు ఏం చేస్తారు. అబ్బ, అ!, ఓహ్, ఊప్స్ అని అంటారు. అలా అనే శబ్దాల వల్ల 24 రకాల ఎమోషన్లు (భావాలు) ఉన్నాయని యూనివర్సిటీ ఆఫ్ కాలిఫోర్నియా శాస్త్రవేత్తలు కనుగొన్నారు. అమెరికా, భారత్, కెన్యా, సింగపూర్ల దేశాల్లో ఇందుకు సంబంధించిన పరిశోధనలు చేశారు.
2,000 శబ్దాలపై నిర్వహించిన ఈ సర్వేలో.. మాటల్లో చెప్పేదాని కన్నా ఎక్కువ అర్థాన్ని అబ్బ, అ, ఓహ్ శబ్దాలు వ్యక్తం చేస్తున్నాయని కనుగొన్నారు. ఇంతకు ముందు చేసిన సర్వేలో 13 వరకు భావాలు మాత్రమే కనుగొన్నారు.
వందల సంవత్సరాల నుంచి సైగలతోనే మనుషులు కొన్ని భావాల్ని వెల్లడిస్తున్నారు. సెకన్లలో చాలా భావాలను వ్యక్తం చేస్తున్నారు.
భావాల్ని ప్రదర్శించడంలోనూ మనుషులు విభిన్నతను చూపించారని పరిశోధకులు కనుగొన్నారు. ఇబ్బంది పడుతూ నవ్వడానికి, ఆనందంతో నవ్వడానికి ఉన్న తేడాయే దీనికి ఉదాహరణ.
2,000 రకాల మాటలు లేని శబ్దాలను 56 మంది పురుష,మహిళ కళాకారులతో చేయించారు. వివిధ సందర్భాల్లో ఎలా స్పందిస్తారో ప్రదర్శించమన్నారు. పరిశోధకులు వాటిని వీడియోలుగా చిత్రీకరించారు. ఈ 24 శబ్దాల్ని విభాగాలుగా పరిశోధకులు విడదీశారు. ఈ పరిశోధనలు మానవ సంబంధాలలో భావాలకుండే ప్రాధాన్యాన్ని తెలిపాయని చెప్పారు.
ETV Bharat / science-and-technology
అబ్బ...అ!...ఓహ్... ఈ శబ్దాలకు 24 అర్థాలు
మనం చేసే అబ్బ, అ, ఓహ్.... శబ్దాలతో 24 రకాల భావాలు వ్యక్తమవుతాయని పరిశోధకులు కనుగొన్నారు.
శబ్దాలకు 24 అర్థాలు
మీకు ఆనందం వచ్చినా..బాధ కలిగినా మీరు ఏం చేస్తారు. అబ్బ, అ!, ఓహ్, ఊప్స్ అని అంటారు. అలా అనే శబ్దాల వల్ల 24 రకాల ఎమోషన్లు (భావాలు) ఉన్నాయని యూనివర్సిటీ ఆఫ్ కాలిఫోర్నియా శాస్త్రవేత్తలు కనుగొన్నారు. అమెరికా, భారత్, కెన్యా, సింగపూర్ల దేశాల్లో ఇందుకు సంబంధించిన పరిశోధనలు చేశారు.
2,000 శబ్దాలపై నిర్వహించిన ఈ సర్వేలో.. మాటల్లో చెప్పేదాని కన్నా ఎక్కువ అర్థాన్ని అబ్బ, అ, ఓహ్ శబ్దాలు వ్యక్తం చేస్తున్నాయని కనుగొన్నారు. ఇంతకు ముందు చేసిన సర్వేలో 13 వరకు భావాలు మాత్రమే కనుగొన్నారు.
వందల సంవత్సరాల నుంచి సైగలతోనే మనుషులు కొన్ని భావాల్ని వెల్లడిస్తున్నారు. సెకన్లలో చాలా భావాలను వ్యక్తం చేస్తున్నారు.
భావాల్ని ప్రదర్శించడంలోనూ మనుషులు విభిన్నతను చూపించారని పరిశోధకులు కనుగొన్నారు. ఇబ్బంది పడుతూ నవ్వడానికి, ఆనందంతో నవ్వడానికి ఉన్న తేడాయే దీనికి ఉదాహరణ.
2,000 రకాల మాటలు లేని శబ్దాలను 56 మంది పురుష,మహిళ కళాకారులతో చేయించారు. వివిధ సందర్భాల్లో ఎలా స్పందిస్తారో ప్రదర్శించమన్నారు. పరిశోధకులు వాటిని వీడియోలుగా చిత్రీకరించారు. ఈ 24 శబ్దాల్ని విభాగాలుగా పరిశోధకులు విడదీశారు. ఈ పరిశోధనలు మానవ సంబంధాలలో భావాలకుండే ప్రాధాన్యాన్ని తెలిపాయని చెప్పారు.
RESTRICTION SUMMARY: AP CLIENTS ONLY
SHOTLIST:
ASSOCIATED PRESS - AP CLIENTS ONLY
Barcelos, Portugal - 30 January 2019
1. Factory worker at sewing machine
2. Close of worker using sewing machine
3. Close of sewing thread
4. Woman working at sewing machine
5. Woman's feet using sewing machine pedal
6. Workers ironing t-shirts for British brand ME+EM
7. Close of t-shirt showing ME+EM tag
8. Woman piling up t-shirts
9. T-shirts manufactured for various British brands on coat hangers
10. Tag on shirt for British brand Fat Face, smaller tag reading (English): "Made in Portugal"
11. Various set up shots of Ana Pedrosa Rodrigues, client liaison manager at Pedrosa & Rodrigues
12. SOUNDBITE (Portuguese) Ana Pedrosa Rodrigues, client liaison manager at Pedrosa & Rodrigues:
"Our main customers are brands like Boden - which is a traditional British brand with a humorous twist, a very British thing. We also have L.K. Bennett for example, that specialises in luxury but is relatively affordable, it's a brand that many high profile women tend to enjoy, including (British) Prime Minister Theresa May. We have Fat Face, a brand very close to the British customer, almost part of the collective memory of the British."
13. Tilt up from Pedrosa & Rodrigues tag to L.K. Bennett tag
14. SOUNDBITE (Portuguese) Ana Pedrosa Rodrigues, client liaison manager at Pedrosa & Rodrigues:
"The worst-case scenario is losing seven million euros (a year, or 8 million US dollars), it would be extremely worrying. We are talking about a side of our business to which we nurture deeply along with our British clients. The UK market has a very special character that sets them apart from any other, there's an atmosphere of collaboration. In no other place do we have the opportunity to add as much value as we can do with our British clients."
15. Wide of factory floor
16. Various of workers in factory
ASSOCIATED PRESS - AP CLIENTS ONLY
Vila Nova de Famalicao, Portugal - 29 January 2019
17. Signs reading (Portuguese) "Portuguese Textile and Clothing Association"
18. Cet up shot of Paulo Vaz, director-general of the Portuguese Textile and Clothing Association:
19. SOUNDBITE (Portuguese) Paulo Vaz, Portuguese Textile and Clothing Association:
"(The UK market) Is something that represents 10 percent of the exports on a national level, almost three percent of national GDP (gross domestic product). Around 130 thousand workers are directly employed by this sector, mostly in the north region of the country."
20. Posters of models on the wall
21. SOUNDBITE (Portuguese) Paula Vaz, Portuguese Textile and Clothing Association:
"We're talking about a market that is our fourth largest, that's worth around 450 million euros (516 million US dollars) a year to us and that was growing, and that now can be severely harmed by all this (Brexit)."
ASSOCIATED PRESS - AP CLIENTS ONLY
Lisbon, Portugal - 4 February 2019
22. Portuguese and European Union flags
23. Close of EU flag
24. Set up shot of Portuguese Deputy Minister for Internalisation Affairs Eurico Dias
25. SOUNDBITE (Portuguese) Eurico Dias, Portuguese Deputy Minister for Internalisation Affairs:
"Naturally we understood from the beginning that there could be a significant impact, even if the 25, 26 percent is the maximum impact estimate (referring to the study revealed by the government on Brexit). But it will have some degree of impact, so we've begun implementing our level of preparation for a no-deal solution."
26. Cutaway of Dias
27. SOUNDBITE (Portuguese) Eurico Dias, Portuguese Deputy Minister for Internalisation Affairs:
"To create stability in terms of a customs relationship, to create special channels at the airports, particularly in Madeira and Algarve since these are areas of great influx and great market share (of British tourists). We've begun preparing specific information sessions. Furthermore, also the famous - as it's often named - line of credit to companies particularly exposed to the British market."
ASSOCIATED PRESS - AP CLIENTS ONLY
Barcelos, Portugal - 30 January 2019
28. Piles of cardboard boxes at factory
29. T-shirts inside box reading (English): "Fat Face United Kingdom"
30. Tag reading (English): "Crafted in Portugal"
STORYLINE:
More than 120 workers at the Pedrosa & Rodrigues garment factory in northwest Portugal are concerned for their future as Brexit threatens to snatch away their livelihoods.
Sales to Britain make up about half of Pedrosa & Rodrigues' annual revenue of around 14 million euros (16 million US dollars).
But the United Kingdom's impending departure from the European Union could make "Made in Portugal" labels less attractive as borders go back up between Britain and the bloc.
The company's client relations manager says the worst case scenario will be losing around seven million euros a year (8 million US dollars).
Companies like Pedrosa & Rodrigues fear they could be part of the collateral damage from Britain's withdrawal from the EU's single market.
As Brexit-inspired economic adjustments ripple across the bloc, small countries like Portugal could feel a lot of economic pain, though the extent of the disruption remains unclear because the terms of Britain's divorce remain unresolved.
Some economic forecasts have produced scary numbers.
The Portuguese government says Brexit could wipe out up to 26 percent off Portuguese exports of goods and services and shave one percentage point off the country's GDP.
In Portugal, which has had close ties with Britain since the Treaty of Windsor in 1386, the textiles sector based in the northwestern area is one of the country's most exposed industries and it is largely located in what is one of Portugal's and western Europe's poorest regions.
The textile companies have already felt a chill, with sales to Britain dropping by more than three percent since the 2015 UK Brexit referendum, according to Paulo Vaz, the director-general of the Portuguese Textile and Clothing Association, which represents the owners of about 500 companies in the sector.
He puts that down to the weakening pound - which makes purchases from countries that use the euro, like Portugal, more expensive - and cautious spending by British consumers at a time when their financial future is uncertain.
"We're talking about a market that is our fourth-largest, that's worth around 450 million euros (516 million US dollars) a year to us and that was growing, and that now can be severely harmed by all this," Vaz said.
For some businesses, like Pedrosa & Rodrigues, the British market is their lifeblood.
The Pedrosa & Rodrigues two-floor factory sits amid green fields on the fringes of a small town in Portugal's industrial heartland, where textile companies are an economic mainstay and provide some 130,000 jobs.
Inside, there is a hum of sewing machines, hissing irons and a rumble of high-tech cloth-cutting machines.
Ana Pedrosa Rodrigues remembers sitting as a child on the running boards of these machines after her parents started the company with five employees in a garage in 1982.
Ana and her two elder brothers recently joined their parents at the company.
The other employees include husbands and wives, fathers and sons, brothers and sisters.
Generations of workers are common in the industry.
Almost all of the workers live in this town, many of them within walking distance, and have served on average 19 years.
Pedrosa & Rodrigues has prospered in part by selling "affordable luxury" brands to some of Britain's well-known fashion labels.
The company makes ME+EM t-shirts that can be found at Selfridge's in London and produces some of the All England Club's range of Wimbledon tennis clothes.
In an ironic twist, it also delivers to British brand L.K. Bennett, a label occasionally worn by British Prime Minister Theresa May.
Every Friday, workers stack dozens of brown cardboard boxes at the factory's loading bay and place them on trucks for the 2-3 day trip to warehouses in the British Midlands.
At the moment, the trucks drive straight across the EU's open borders.
If they are shut, the paperwork, delays and tariffs could add 12 percent to the cost price.
===========================================================
Clients are reminded:
(i) to check the terms of their licence agreements for use of content outside news programming and that further advice and assistance can be obtained from the AP Archive on: Tel +44 (0) 20 7482 7482 Email: info@aparchive.com
(ii) they should check with the applicable collecting society in their Territory regarding the clearance of any sound recording or performance included within the AP Television News service
(iii) they have editorial responsibility for the use of all and any content included within the AP Television News service and for libel, privacy, compliance and third party rights applicable to their Territory.
SHOTLIST:
ASSOCIATED PRESS - AP CLIENTS ONLY
Barcelos, Portugal - 30 January 2019
1. Factory worker at sewing machine
2. Close of worker using sewing machine
3. Close of sewing thread
4. Woman working at sewing machine
5. Woman's feet using sewing machine pedal
6. Workers ironing t-shirts for British brand ME+EM
7. Close of t-shirt showing ME+EM tag
8. Woman piling up t-shirts
9. T-shirts manufactured for various British brands on coat hangers
10. Tag on shirt for British brand Fat Face, smaller tag reading (English): "Made in Portugal"
11. Various set up shots of Ana Pedrosa Rodrigues, client liaison manager at Pedrosa & Rodrigues
12. SOUNDBITE (Portuguese) Ana Pedrosa Rodrigues, client liaison manager at Pedrosa & Rodrigues:
"Our main customers are brands like Boden - which is a traditional British brand with a humorous twist, a very British thing. We also have L.K. Bennett for example, that specialises in luxury but is relatively affordable, it's a brand that many high profile women tend to enjoy, including (British) Prime Minister Theresa May. We have Fat Face, a brand very close to the British customer, almost part of the collective memory of the British."
13. Tilt up from Pedrosa & Rodrigues tag to L.K. Bennett tag
14. SOUNDBITE (Portuguese) Ana Pedrosa Rodrigues, client liaison manager at Pedrosa & Rodrigues:
"The worst-case scenario is losing seven million euros (a year, or 8 million US dollars), it would be extremely worrying. We are talking about a side of our business to which we nurture deeply along with our British clients. The UK market has a very special character that sets them apart from any other, there's an atmosphere of collaboration. In no other place do we have the opportunity to add as much value as we can do with our British clients."
15. Wide of factory floor
16. Various of workers in factory
ASSOCIATED PRESS - AP CLIENTS ONLY
Vila Nova de Famalicao, Portugal - 29 January 2019
17. Signs reading (Portuguese) "Portuguese Textile and Clothing Association"
18. Cet up shot of Paulo Vaz, director-general of the Portuguese Textile and Clothing Association:
19. SOUNDBITE (Portuguese) Paulo Vaz, Portuguese Textile and Clothing Association:
"(The UK market) Is something that represents 10 percent of the exports on a national level, almost three percent of national GDP (gross domestic product). Around 130 thousand workers are directly employed by this sector, mostly in the north region of the country."
20. Posters of models on the wall
21. SOUNDBITE (Portuguese) Paula Vaz, Portuguese Textile and Clothing Association:
"We're talking about a market that is our fourth largest, that's worth around 450 million euros (516 million US dollars) a year to us and that was growing, and that now can be severely harmed by all this (Brexit)."
ASSOCIATED PRESS - AP CLIENTS ONLY
Lisbon, Portugal - 4 February 2019
22. Portuguese and European Union flags
23. Close of EU flag
24. Set up shot of Portuguese Deputy Minister for Internalisation Affairs Eurico Dias
25. SOUNDBITE (Portuguese) Eurico Dias, Portuguese Deputy Minister for Internalisation Affairs:
"Naturally we understood from the beginning that there could be a significant impact, even if the 25, 26 percent is the maximum impact estimate (referring to the study revealed by the government on Brexit). But it will have some degree of impact, so we've begun implementing our level of preparation for a no-deal solution."
26. Cutaway of Dias
27. SOUNDBITE (Portuguese) Eurico Dias, Portuguese Deputy Minister for Internalisation Affairs:
"To create stability in terms of a customs relationship, to create special channels at the airports, particularly in Madeira and Algarve since these are areas of great influx and great market share (of British tourists). We've begun preparing specific information sessions. Furthermore, also the famous - as it's often named - line of credit to companies particularly exposed to the British market."
ASSOCIATED PRESS - AP CLIENTS ONLY
Barcelos, Portugal - 30 January 2019
28. Piles of cardboard boxes at factory
29. T-shirts inside box reading (English): "Fat Face United Kingdom"
30. Tag reading (English): "Crafted in Portugal"
STORYLINE:
More than 120 workers at the Pedrosa & Rodrigues garment factory in northwest Portugal are concerned for their future as Brexit threatens to snatch away their livelihoods.
Sales to Britain make up about half of Pedrosa & Rodrigues' annual revenue of around 14 million euros (16 million US dollars).
But the United Kingdom's impending departure from the European Union could make "Made in Portugal" labels less attractive as borders go back up between Britain and the bloc.
The company's client relations manager says the worst case scenario will be losing around seven million euros a year (8 million US dollars).
Companies like Pedrosa & Rodrigues fear they could be part of the collateral damage from Britain's withdrawal from the EU's single market.
As Brexit-inspired economic adjustments ripple across the bloc, small countries like Portugal could feel a lot of economic pain, though the extent of the disruption remains unclear because the terms of Britain's divorce remain unresolved.
Some economic forecasts have produced scary numbers.
The Portuguese government says Brexit could wipe out up to 26 percent off Portuguese exports of goods and services and shave one percentage point off the country's GDP.
In Portugal, which has had close ties with Britain since the Treaty of Windsor in 1386, the textiles sector based in the northwestern area is one of the country's most exposed industries and it is largely located in what is one of Portugal's and western Europe's poorest regions.
The textile companies have already felt a chill, with sales to Britain dropping by more than three percent since the 2015 UK Brexit referendum, according to Paulo Vaz, the director-general of the Portuguese Textile and Clothing Association, which represents the owners of about 500 companies in the sector.
He puts that down to the weakening pound - which makes purchases from countries that use the euro, like Portugal, more expensive - and cautious spending by British consumers at a time when their financial future is uncertain.
"We're talking about a market that is our fourth-largest, that's worth around 450 million euros (516 million US dollars) a year to us and that was growing, and that now can be severely harmed by all this," Vaz said.
For some businesses, like Pedrosa & Rodrigues, the British market is their lifeblood.
The Pedrosa & Rodrigues two-floor factory sits amid green fields on the fringes of a small town in Portugal's industrial heartland, where textile companies are an economic mainstay and provide some 130,000 jobs.
Inside, there is a hum of sewing machines, hissing irons and a rumble of high-tech cloth-cutting machines.
Ana Pedrosa Rodrigues remembers sitting as a child on the running boards of these machines after her parents started the company with five employees in a garage in 1982.
Ana and her two elder brothers recently joined their parents at the company.
The other employees include husbands and wives, fathers and sons, brothers and sisters.
Generations of workers are common in the industry.
Almost all of the workers live in this town, many of them within walking distance, and have served on average 19 years.
Pedrosa & Rodrigues has prospered in part by selling "affordable luxury" brands to some of Britain's well-known fashion labels.
The company makes ME+EM t-shirts that can be found at Selfridge's in London and produces some of the All England Club's range of Wimbledon tennis clothes.
In an ironic twist, it also delivers to British brand L.K. Bennett, a label occasionally worn by British Prime Minister Theresa May.
Every Friday, workers stack dozens of brown cardboard boxes at the factory's loading bay and place them on trucks for the 2-3 day trip to warehouses in the British Midlands.
At the moment, the trucks drive straight across the EU's open borders.
If they are shut, the paperwork, delays and tariffs could add 12 percent to the cost price.
===========================================================
Clients are reminded:
(i) to check the terms of their licence agreements for use of content outside news programming and that further advice and assistance can be obtained from the AP Archive on: Tel +44 (0) 20 7482 7482 Email: info@aparchive.com
(ii) they should check with the applicable collecting society in their Territory regarding the clearance of any sound recording or performance included within the AP Television News service
(iii) they have editorial responsibility for the use of all and any content included within the AP Television News service and for libel, privacy, compliance and third party rights applicable to their Territory.
Last Updated : Feb 16, 2021, 7:51 PM IST
