New Delhi: The Centre on Sunday raised the borrowing limit of states from 3 per cent of gross state domestic product (GSDP) to 5 per cent in 2020-21, which will make available an additional Rs 4.28 lakh crore.
However, part of the increased borrowing limit would be linked to specific reforms -- universalisation of One Nation-One Ration Card, ease of doing business, power distribution and urban local body revenues, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman told reporters while announcing the fifth and final tranche of the economic stimulus package.
She said that currently, states have a net borrowing ceiling of Rs 6.41 lakh crore based on 3 per cent of GSDP and various state chief ministers had written to Prime Minister Narendra Modi to increase the borrowing limit to enhance their resources during the COVID-19 crisis.
"Because this is an unprecedented situation, we have acceded to the demand of the states and increased their borrowing ceiling to 5 per cent. This will give an extra Rs 4.28 lakh crore to the states," she said.
Reform linkage will be in four areas: universalisation of ‘One Nation One Ration card’, Ease of Doing Business, power distribution, and urban local body revenues.
Giving detail of how the states would be allowed to borrow, the minister said that from 3-3.5 per cent, the 0.5 per cent increase would be unconditional. The next 1 per cent, which is up to 4.5 per cent, will be released in 4 tranches of 0.25 per cent and each of the tranches will be linked to a clearly specified, measurable and feasible reform. The last 0.5 per cent will be given once the milestones are achieved in at least three of the four reform conditions.
| Borrowing Limit | Criteria |
| 3 to 3.5% | The 0.5 per cent increase would be unconditional |
| 3.5 to 4.5% | It will be released in 4 tranches of 0.25% and each of the tranches will be linked to a clearly specified, measurable and feasible reform |
| 4.5 to 5% | It will be given once the milestones are achieved in at least three of the four reform conditions |
"And, why do we want this linkage to state-level reform? Because we want to make sure that poor benefit from all the monies that is getting borrowed and the Centre and states are collectively committed to implementing One Nation-One Ration Card, ease of doing business at district level, power distribution and related issues and the urban local bodies' revenue-related issues," Sitharaman said.
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The minister further said that the Centre had already allowed the states to borrow 75 per cent of the 3 per cent borrowing limit to make available more resources. "They can borrow 50 per cent in the first half, but we have raised it to 75 per cent."
"But, states have so far borrowed 14 per cent. Eighty-six per cent of the authorised borrowing limit remain untilised as of now. Because chief ministers have written to the Prime Minister, and finance ministers have written to me saying please increase our borrowing limit ... (from) 3 per cent of state GSDP, we have now agreed to increase this to 5 per cent," she added.
Sitharaman further said the Centre has devolved Rs 46,038 crore of taxes in April to states even though actual revenue shows unprecedented decline from Budget Estimates and Revenue Deficit grants of Rs 12,390 crore were given to states on time in April and May despite the Centre's stressed resources.
Also, advance release of the State Disaster Relief Fund (SDRF) of Rs 11,092 crore happened in first week of April, she said adding that a release of over Rs 4,113 crore from the health ministry for direct anti-COVID activities was also given.
At the Centre's request, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has increased Ways and Means Advance limits of states by 60 per cent. Also, the number of days state can be in continuous overdraft has been increased from 14 days to 21 days and the number of days state can be in overdraft in a quarter has been increased from 32 to 50 days.
GST compensation to states pending for Dec-March FY20
Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman also said GST compensation is due to all the states for the four-month period of December-March.
"We are periodically talking about it. GST dues are very clearly explained in the GST Council. It is not for selective states... All states' GST dues which we recognise for December, January, February, March have not been paid," Sitharaman told reporters here.
Under GST law, states are guaranteed to be paid for any loss of revenue in the first five years of the GST implementation from July 1, 2017. The shortfall is calculated assuming a 14 per cent annual growth in GST collections by states over the base year of 2015-16.
Under the GST structure, taxes are levied under 5, 12, 18 and 28 per cent slabs. On top of the highest tax slab, a cess is levied on luxury, sin and demerit goods and the proceeds from the same are used to compensate states for any revenue loss.
Read more:Exclusive: Centre yet to pay Rs 48,000 crore GST dues to States for October-January period
There were no differences between the Centre and states with regard to compensation payment in 2017-18, 2018-19 and in the first four months (April-July) of the previous fiscal (2019-20).
However, with revenue mop-up from compensation cess falling, the Centre held back fund transfer to states beginning August.
Following this, states raised the issue with the Centre and in December 2019, Rs 35,298 crore was released as compensation for August-September, while Rs 34,053 crorewas released in two instalments in February and April as compensation for October-November.
The Centre has, so far, released over Rs 2.45 lakh crore as GST compensation to states since the implementation of the new indirect tax regime on July 1, 2017.
During July 2017-March 2018, Rs 48,785 crore was released, while between April 2018-March 2019, Rs 81,141 crore was paid to states.
(PTI Report)
