Costs of the Afghanistan war, in lives and dollars

At just short of 20 years, the now-ending US combat mission in Afghanistan was America's longest war. Ordinary Americans tended to forget about it, and it received measurably less oversight from Congress than the Vietnam War did. But its death toll is in the many tens of thousands. And because the US borrowed most of the money to pay for it, generations of Americans will be burdened by the cost of paying it off.

Washington: At just short of 20 years, the now-ending US combat mission in Afghanistan was America's longest war. Ordinary Americans tended to forget about it, and it received measurably less oversight from Congress than the Vietnam War did. But its death toll is in the many tens of thousands. And because the US borrowed most of the money to pay for it, generations of Americans will be burdened by the cost of paying it off.

Here's a look at the US-led war in Afghanistan, by the numbers, as the Taliban in a lightning offensive take over much of the country before the United States' August 31 deadline for ending its combat role and as the US speeds up American and Afghan evacuations. Much of the data below is from Linda Bilmes of Harvard University's Kennedy School and from the Brown University Costs of War project. Because the United States between 2003 and 2011 fought the Afghanistan and Iraq wars simultaneously, and many American troops served tours in both wars, some figures as noted cover both post-9/11 US wars.

THE LONGEST WAR:

Percentage of US population born since the 2001 attacks plotted by al-Qaida leaders who were sheltering in Afghanistan: Roughly one out of every four.

THE HUMAN COST:

American service members killed in Afghanistan through April: 2,448

US contractors: 3,846
Afghan national military and police: 66,000.
Other allied service members, including from other NATO member states: 1,144
Afghan civilians: 47,245.
Taliban and other opposition fighters: 51,191
Aid workers: 444
Journalists: 72

AFGHANISTAN AFTER NEARLY 20 YEARS OF US OCCUPATION:

Percentage drop in infant mortality rate since US, Afghan and other allied forces overthrew the Taliban government, which had sought to restrict women and girls to the home: About 50

Percentage of Afghan teenage girls able to read today: 37

OVERSIGHT BY CONGRESS:

Date Congress authorized US forces to go after culprits in Sept. 11, 2001, attacks: Sept. 18, 2001

Number of times US lawmakers have voted to declare war in Afghanistan: 0
Number of times lawmakers on Senate Appropriations defense subcommittee addressed costs of Vietnam War, during that conflict: 42

Number of times lawmakers in same subcommittee have mentioned costs of Afghanistan and Iraq wars, through mid-summer 2021: 5

Number of times lawmakers on Senate Finance Committee have mentioned costs of Afghanistan and Iraq wars since Sept. 11, 2001, through mid-summer 2021: 1

PAYING FOR A WAR ON CREDIT, NOT IN CASH:

Amount President Harry Truman temporarily raised top tax rates to pay for Korean War: 92 per cent.

Amount President Lyndon Johnson temporarily raised top tax rates to pay for Vietnam War: 77 per cent.

Amount President George W. Bush cut tax rates for the wealthiest, rather than raise them, at outset of Afghanistan and Iraq wars: At least 8 per cent.

The estimated amount of direct Afghanistan and Iraq war costs that the United States has debt-financed as of 2020: USD 2 trillion.

Estimated interest costs by 2050: Up to USD 6.5 trillion.

THE WARS END. THE COSTS DON'T:

Amount Bilmes estimates the United States has committed to pay in health care, disability, burial and other costs for roughly 4 million Afghanistan and Iraq veterans: more than USD 2 trillion.
Period those costs will peak: after 2048.

(AP)