Is Usha Vance's Hindu Identity an Asset or a Liability to the Trump-Vance Campaign?

Usha Chilukuri Vance, the wife of Republican vice-presidential candidate JD Vance, highlighted their intercultural marriage at the Republican National Convention but did not address her interfaith relationship. This has sparked debate about whether the Republican party is prepared for a Hindu second lady and whether her background could influence South Asian voter support.

Wisconsin:Usha Chilukuri Vance loves her "meat and potatoes" husband, JD Vance. She explained to a rapt Republican National Convention audience how their vice-presidential candidate adapted to her vegetarian diet and even learned to cook Indian food from her immigrant mother.

That image of her white, Christian husband making the spicy cuisine of her parents' native state in South India is atypical for the leaders of a party whose members are still largely white and Christian. Her presence at the RNC sparked enthusiasm on social media among some Indian American conservatives, particularly Hindu Americans, although most Indian-Americans identify as Democrats.

But for all Usha Vance shared about their identity-blending marriage in her speech last month in Milwaukee, which was a little over four minutes, she made no mention of her Hindu upbringing or her personal faith and their interfaith relationship – biographical details that have exposed her to online vitriol and hate.

While some political analysts say her strong presence as a Hindu American still makes the community proud, others question whether the Republican Party is really ready for a Hindu second lady.

Usha Vance is choosing to remain silent about her religion in the run-up to the election and declined to speak with The Associated Press about it. She opted not to answer questions about whether she is a practising Hindu or if she attends Mass with her Catholic husband, an adult convert to the faith, or in which faith tradition their three children are being raised.

Brought up in San Diego by immigrant parents, both professors, in a Hindu household, Usha Vance did confirm that one of their children has an Indian name, and she and JD Vance were married in both "an Indian and an American wedding." The pair met as students at Yale Law School.

Her Hindu background could appeal to some South Asian voters, which might add value in swing states with larger South Asian communities like Arizona, Georgia and North Carolina, said Dheepa Sundaram, a Hindu Studies professor at the University of Denver. Sundaram says that while some Indian and Hindu conservatives may be eager to embrace Usha Vance, that doesn't appear to be part of the party's public-facing strategy.

"To me, it seems like her Hindu identity is more of a liability than an asset," she said. "It also feels like the campaign wants to have it both ways: Usha may be Hindu, which is great, but we don't want to talk about it."

Sundaram said Usha Vance would appeal particularly to those Hindu Americans who support the politics of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, under whom Hindu nationalism has surged.

There are deep divisions within some Indian American communities over issues such as taxes, education, relations with India and anti-caste discrimination legislation that gained momentum in Seattle and California. Caste is a division of people based on birth or descent and calls to outlaw-related discrimination are growing in the U.S.

About 7 in 10 Indian Americans identify with or lean toward the Democratic Party, while about 3 in 10 identify with or lean toward the Republican Party, according to Pew Research Center surveys conducted in 2022 and 2023. AAPI Data/AP-NORC surveys from earlier this year found that less than 1 in 10 South Asian Americans trust the Republican Party over the Democrats on key issues like abortion, gun policy and climate change, while around half or more trusted the Democratic Party more than the Republicans.

Still Usha Vance, "a second lady who looks like us and speaks like us," may help capture the attention of a block of voters that has been challenging for Republicans to reach, said Ohio State Sen. Niraj Antani, a Republican and Hindu American who is the youngest member of the state senate.

"If Republicans don't reach out to minority groups, we will lose elections."

Vivek Ramaswamy, the 39-year-old biotech entrepreneur who ran for president in 2020 and now supports the Trump-Vance ticket, made his Hindu faith front and centre during his campaign last year. He said Hindu teachings had much in common with Judeo-Christian values. He declined to comment about Usha Vance's religious background.

Usha Vance's silence about her religion and Ramaswamy's defeat in the primary election may indicate that being anything other than Christian in the Republican Party might still be an issue for a part of the base, said Karthick Ramakrishnan, a researcher at the University of California, Berkeley, and executive director of AAPI Data.

"What we've seen since the convention is more exclusionary elements within the Republican Party speaking up and against Usha and JD Vance," Ramakrishnan said. "This, to me, suggests that there is a political price to pay in terms of being open about one's religious identity that is not Christian. There's still a long way to go."

Antani, a Hindu candidate who has won several Ohio state elections in a region that is mostly Christian and deeply conservative, said "The racism in the Republican Party is coming from racists, not Republicans." Antani, who celebrated Usha Vance speaking about her Indian heritage at the RNC, believes Ramaswamy lost not because he is Hindu but because he was not as well-known as the other candidates.

Vance was baptized and converted to Catholicism in 2019 and says he and his family now call the church their home. The campaign did not answer questions as to whether the three children had been baptized. He has also talked about how his wife helped him find his Catholic faith after a roller coaster of a spiritual journey as he was raised Protestant and became an atheist in college.

Suhag Shukla, executive director of the Hindu American Foundation, said the fact that Usha Vance inspired her husband on his religious journey to become Catholic is "as Hindu as it gets."

"Hinduism is about finding your own path and getting in touch with your own spirituality," she said, adding that the definition of a "practising Hindu" ranges from someone who goes to the temple and performs rituals to someone who is a cultural Hindu who observes festivals such as Diwali or just engages in a spiritual practice such as meditation.

Usha Vance is an example of the positive contributions made by Hindu Americans, and her interfaith marriage and her ability to listen to different perspectives are reflective of Hindu teachings, she said.

"Hindu Americans assimilate, but also hold on to what inspired them from their tradition and culture," Shukla said. "Our pluralistic background puts us in a good position to get along with different people without compromising who we are. Hindu culture is very comfortable with differences of opinion."

Shukla said those who are turning to the Republican party are reacting to anti-Hindu prejudice against Hindu Democrats that is not being shut down by their own party.

"There is this perception that the Democratic Party does not care about the well-being of Hindu Americans or is deaf to the community's concerns," she said, referring to legislation including caste as a category in anti-discrimination laws, which was proposed and passed in Seattle. Similar legislation was vetoed by Gov. Gavin Newsom in California.

But Ramakrishnan is not so sure Indian Americans feel welcome in the Republican Party even if they may see eye to eye with conservatives on some issues.

"One of the reasons Indian Americans have been consistently supporting the Democrats is because of the rise of Christian conservatism and nationalism," he said. "That in itself makes it less likely they will vote Republican or identify as Republican."