భారత్కు అమెరికా అండ - అజిత్ ధోభాల్

భారత రక్షణ సలహాదారు అజిత్ డోభాల్తో ఫోన్లో మాట్లాడిన అమెరికా భద్రతా సలహాదారు జాన్ బోల్టన్ భారత్-పాక్ మధ్య నెలకొన్న తాజా పరిస్థితులపై ఆరా తీశారు.

భారత్కు అమెరికా అండ

Published : Feb 28, 2019, 5:36 PM IST

భారత్, పాక్ల మధ్య నెలకొన్న తాజాపరిస్థితులపై అమెరికా జాతీయ భద్రత సలహాదారు జాన్ బోల్టన్ భారత రక్షణ సలహాదారు అజిత్ డోబాల్తో బుధవారం చర్చించినట్లు ఆధికారిక ప్రకటన వెలువడింది.

ఫిబ్రవరి 14న జరిగిన పూల్వామా దాడి తర్వాత పాక్ ఆధీనంలోని బాలాకోట్లో జైష్ ఎ మహమ్మద్ ఉగ్రస్థావరాలే లక్ష్యంగా భారత్ వైమానిక దాడులు చేసింది. ఈ నేపథ్యంలో బోల్టన్ అజిత్ డోబాల్తో ఫోన్లో మాట్లాడారు. నిన్న భారత్-పాక్ పరస్పరం యుద్ధ విమానాలను కూల్చుకున్న ఘటనపై వివరాలు అడిగి తెలుసుకున్నారు.

డోబాల్తో ఆయన చర్చలు జరపడం ఇది రెండో సారి. పూల్వామా దాడి జరిగిన మరుసటి రోజు ఇరు దేశాల భద్రత సలహాదార్లు చర్చలు జరిపారు. ఈ చర్చల్లో జైష్ ఎ మహమ్మద్ వ్యవస్థాపకుడు మసూద్ అజర్ను అంతర్జాతీయ ఉగ్రవాదిగా గుర్తిస్తూ ఐరాస భద్రత మండలిలో ప్రతిపాదించాలని నిర్ణయించారు.

దీనిపై సానుకూలంగా స్పందించిన బోల్టన్.. భారత్ ఆత్మరక్షణలో భాగంగా సరిహద్దుల్లో ఉగ్రవాదాన్ని ఎదుర్కొనేందుకు అన్ని రకాలుగా అమెరికా సహాయపడుతుందని తెలిపారు.

UK SEYCHELLES OCEAN MISSION LIVING FOSSIL
SOURCE: ASSOCIATED PRESS/ BRITISH MOVIETONE/VNR - ACEP (African Coelacanth Ecosystem Programme)/VNR - NEKTON - MUST COURTESY "NEKTON"
RESTRICTIONS: AP Clients Only/VNR - NEKTON - MUST COURTESY "NEKTON"
LENGTH: 7:38
SHOTLIST:
++Disclaimer: British Movietone is an historical collection. Any views and expressions within either the video or metadata of the collection are reproduced for historical accuracy and do not represent the opinions or editorial policies of the Associated Press++
ASSOCIATED PRESS
London, UK - 15 February 2019
++16:9++
1. Various of coelacanth specimen at the Natural History Museum
2. Pan left of specimen store room
3. Various of specimens
4. Setup shot of Oliver Crimmen, Senior Fish Curator, Natural History Museum, walking through store room
5. Tilt up of Crimmen inspecting coelacanth specimen
6. Close of coelacanth specimen
7. Mid of sign, reading (English): "Coelacanth. Latimeria chalumnae"
8. SOUNDBITE (English) Oliver Crimmen, Senior Fish Curator, Natural History Museum:
"These are two whole coelacanths preserved in alcohol. Before 1938, it wasn't thought this was possible because we only knew them from fossils. Here are two whole examples."
BRITISH MOVIETONE
++4:3/BLACK AND WHITE++
9. Titles, reading (English): "Professor Smith's Famous Fish
10. Various of James Leonard Brierley (J. L. B.) Smith, South African ichthyologist, inspecting coelacanth model
11. SOUNDBITE (English) James Leonard Brierley (J. L. B.) Smith, South African ichthyologist:
"Coelacanths are close relatives of fish that scientists consider was the ancestor of all land animals. The coelacanths have lived for probably 350 million years and in that time they have changed but little."
12. Various of coelacanth specimen
ASSOCIATED PRESS
London, UK - 15 February 2019
++16:9++
13. Various of coelacanth specimen at the Natural History Museum
14. SOUNDBITE (English) Oliver Crimmen, Senior Fish Curator, Natural History Museum:
"This was the missing link between bony fishes and tetrapods, including human beings, so this was a fantastic expectation. The fact that we hadn't seen them before except as fossils meant also that it apparently seemed to have sort of resurrected itself from extinction."
15. Close of Crimmen opening jar
16. Pan left of Crimmen topping up specimen with preservative
17. SOUNDBITE (English) Oliver Crimmen, Senior Fish Curator, Natural History Museum:
"People who live in habitats where species we've not encountered in science before, of course, they're not new to them. And local people in the islands off South Africa knew of coelacanths, but the western scientific world didn't, they'd only got fossils. So, a living one was a great shock, we'd expected them to have disappeared."
VNR - ACEP (African Coelacanth Ecosystem Programme)
Archive: Sodwana Bay, Northern Natal, South Africa - Date not given
++4:3++
18. Zoom in of coelacanth shot from submersible
19. Mid of scientist in submersible, studying coelacanths
20. Mid of coelacanths filmed from submersible
21. Close of coelacanth
22. Mid of scientist in submersible using lights to watch coelacanths
23. Various of coelacanths
ASSOCIATED PRESS
Archive: Grahamstown, South Africa - 2007
++4:3++
24. Various of scientists examining coelacanth specimen
ASSOCIATED PRESS
London, UK - 15 February 2019
++16:9++
25. Close of fish model
26. Various of specimens in Natural History Museum store room
27. SOUNDBITE (English) Oliver Crimmen, Senior Fish Curator, Natural History Museum:
"It lives in rocky subterranean caverns, at some depth. And it's not a place where you can fish easily. Add to that, it's not very nice to eat. It causes an intestinal inflammation because of the oils and chemicals in its flesh. And so, they were thrown back in by the locals when they were caught."
VNR - NEKTON - MUST COURTESY "NEKTON"
++16:9++
28. "First Descent" Indian Ocean mission trailer ++MUSIC ADDED AT SOURCE++
ASSOCIATED PRESS
Oxford, UK - 17 January 2019
++16:9++
29. Various setup shots of Alex Rogers, Nekton Trustee and University of Oxford Professor, in lab
30. Cutaway of picture on wall
31. SOUNDBITE (English) Alex Rogers, Nekton Trustee and University of Oxford Professor:
"We're not going to find dinosaurs, but we may well find the coelacanth, which is a fish that actually, in terms of the group it belongs to, is much older than the dinosaurs. It's a living fossil. In fact, there was an ancestor of the dinosaurs in so far as it was that group of fish which eventually moved onto land, evolving into amphibians and then into reptiles and then into all of the groups of vertebrates that we're familiar with today on land."
VNR - NEKTON - MUST COURTESY "NEKTON"
Bahamas - 2016
++16:9++
32. Various of deep ocean submarine dive on previous Nekton science mission ++PART MUTE++
ASSOCIATED PRESS
Oxford, UK - 17 January 2019
++16:9++
33. SOUNDBITE (English) Alex Rogers, Nekton Trustee and University of Oxford Professor:
"Although there's been a lot of work in the shallow water, looking at the ecology of coral reefs, for example, there's been almost no work on the deep waters around the Seychelles. So, what's actually living there, we don't know yet and the intention is to find that out."
ASSOCIATED PRESS
Bremerhaven, Germany - 23 January 2019
++16:9++
34. Various aerial shots of Ocean Zephyr ship, mothership for "First Descent" Indian Ocean mission ++MUTE++
LEADIN:
An upcoming science mission to map the Indian Ocean off the Seychelles hopes to shed new light on an ancient fish, once thought to have become extinct 70 million years ago.
Scientists had believed the coelacanth disappeared with the dinosaurs, until a specimen was discovered by a South African fish trawler in 1938.
STORYLINE:
A preserved specimen of a coelacanth sits in a store room at London's Natural History Museum.
At one time, scientists thought coelacanths died out some 70 million years ago, science only knew it from fossils.
But in a startling discovery in 1938, a South African fish trawler caught a living specimen of the deep sea fish. Its close resemblance to its ancient ancestors earned it the "living fossil" nickname.
Coelacanths have captured the public's imagination ever since.
Scientists hailed its discovery, particularly because it's closely related to a fish lineage that slowly evolved to move from the waters and begin crawling on land.
Providing a link to land-dwelling creatures, including frogs, lizards, mammals, even ourselves.
Its fleshy fins slightly resemble the limbs on four-legged land animals.
"This was the missing link between bony fishes and tetrapods, including human beings, so this was a fantastic expectation," explains Oliver Crimmen, senior fish curator at the Natural History Museum.
"The fact that we hadn't seen them before except as fossils meant also that it apparently seemed to have sort of resurrected itself from extinction."
Crimmen says while western scientists believed the fish had become extinct, locals on the islands off the coast of South Africa had known about the "dinosaur fish."
"People who live in habitats where species we've not encountered in science before, of course, they're not new to them," he says.
"And local people in the islands off South Africa knew of coelacanths, but the western scientific world didn't, they'd only got fossils. So, a living one was a great shock, we'd expected them to have disappeared."
In recent years, scientists have used high-tech submersibles to study the coelacanth in its natural habitat - deep sea caves off the coast of South Africa.
There are only two known living species. According to the IUCN's Red List, the coelacanth - Latin name "Latimeria chalumnae" - remains critically endangered, fishing and the harvesting of aquatic resources now the main threat to its existence.
Crimmen believes it's hard-to-reach habitat and poor taste might be why it's managed to survive till now.
"It lives in rocky subterranean caverns, at some depth. And it's not a place where you can fish easily. Add to that, it's not very nice to eat. It causes an intestinal inflammation because of the oils and chemicals in its flesh. And so, they were thrown back even by the locals when they were caught" he explains.
A science mission about to get underway in the Seychelles hopes to shed new light on the coelacanth and its deep ocean habitat.
The ambitious Nekton "First Descent" Indian Ocean mission will delve into one of the last major unexplored frontiers on the planet.
Researchers will spend seven weeks surveying underwater life, mapping the sea floor and collecting data while in submersibles 300 meters down.
"We're not going to find dinosaurs, but we may well find the coelacanth, which is a fish that actually, in terms of the group it belongs to, is much older than the dinosaurs. It's a living fossil," says Alex Rogers, a Nekton trustee and University of Oxford professor.
Little is known about the watery world below depths of 30 metres.
The Nekton mission will travel to points of interest across the Indian Ocean, including the UNESCO-listed Aldabra, one of the world's largest coral atolls.
"Although there's been a lot of work in the shallow water, looking at the ecology of coral reefs, for example, there's been almost no work on the deep waters around the Seychelles," says Rogers.
"So, what's actually living there, we don't know yet and the intention is to find that out."
Nekton's "First Descent" Indian Ocean Mission is expected to set to sail from the Seychelles in early March.
EDITOR'S NOTE:
The Associated Press is the only news agency working with scientists from the Nekton research team, on its deep-sea mission that aims to unlock the secrets of the Indian Ocean. AP video coverage will include exploring the depths of up to 300 meters (1,000 feet) off the coast of the Seychelles in two-person submarines, the search for submerged mountain ranges and previously undiscovered marine life, a behind-the-scenes look at life on board, interviews with researchers and aerial footage of the mission. The seven-week expedition starts in the Seychelles in March 2019.
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