Hyderabad: Changes in atmosphere leading to dangerous repercussions indicate that the world is going to face a big challenge.
Conference Of Parties (COP) 25 held four years ago in 2015 aims to confine global warming at 1.5 degrees Celsius by this century end.
It was the target of all worldly nations which are now mulling options to implement the Paris Agreement.
This conference was held for 12 days from December 2 to 13 in Spain.
The spirit of Paris pact was punctured as there was no any breakthrough in the conference on key issues.
On an average, 1.5 per cent Greenhouse gas emissions are being released each year for the past 10 years.
Also, about 55.3 gigatons of carbon monoxide were released in recent years adding to global warming. This was reported by UNO which warns and reflects future danger.
Before the start of COP 25 conference, UNO stressed the need for an action plan implementation to check global warming by 195 member nations.
In the discussions, differences cropped up among developing and developed nations leading to a stalemate.
Inaugurating the conference, UN Secretary-General asked member nations to have National Determination and Cooperation (NDC) to expedite steps by next year to implement the action plan to reach targets of environmental programs.
He also exhorted to neutralise carbon emissions by 2050 which stresses on the need for efforts to check global warming.
Fact is that the world will fail to reach targets by 2030, if the present rise in global warming ratio continues unabated.
Global Warming intensifies
Rise in global temperatures by 1.1 per cent on earth leading to natural calamities causing huge loss to lives and assets.
These repercussions show adverse effects on the economic systems of developing countries.
The unavoidable target for the world nations is to reduce carbon emissions by 7.6 per cent every year from 2020 to 2030.
The matter of concern is that warnings of global temperatures may rise to 3.2 degrees Celsius by 2100, if no steps taken to reach targets.
Across the world, now 78 per cent greenhouse gas emissions are being reported from -- US, Canada, Australia, Russia, Japan, Korea, China, India, Mexico, South Africa, Indonesia, Brazil, Argentina and some of EU nations.
It is evident of non-starters and negligence on part of wealthy nations as seven of G-20 nations are yet to begin steps to check carbon emissions.
Due to lack of a strategy to reach Paris Agreement targets before 2020, confusion prevails on action plan post-2020 conference to check carbon emissions and global warming.
Occupying the second place in the list of the nations mostly contributing to carbon emissions (15 per cent), US announced to quit Paris pact which reflects the stance of wealthy nations on the key global issue.
Significantly, China, which adds most to the problem with 28 per cent carbon emissions, has failed to amend its targets to check the problem.
The member nations are indulging in a tussle on Article 6 of the Paris Agreement that aims to control global warming.
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From Kyoto Protocol to recent Paris agreement, no further steps have been taken to reach targets such as controlling carbon emissions and Count Related Standard units (CER) as part of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) due to differences among the member counties.
In developing countries, as per the clean development mechanism, controlling one ton of carbon gas emissions is counted as one 'credit'. Also, there is an arrangement for the sale and purchase of such 'credits.'
Industrially developed nations make use of such registered credits for controlling Carbon emissions for sustainable development.
Since this will pave the way for checking carbon emissions problem, the credit system was reportedly included in the Kyoto protocol.
Discontent crops up as no final call was taken with regard to the countries that achieved standard units to control carbon emissions before the time phase of 2020. Thus, it stresses the need for clarity on Article 6 of the Paris agreement.
A technically unanimous decision was not possible as there does not exist balance among nations with regards to Article 6.2 for carbon emissions trade and Article 6.4 for controlling carbon emissions.
This is causing a hurdle to Paris agreement to move on right tracks through a complete action plan by developing countries.
India made its stand very clear on global warming and carbon emissions that it is totally waste and no use in setting fresh targets even as the nations are yet to keep the promises before 2020.
India ridiculed that talking about Paris agreement is meaningless instead of committing to implementing the Kyoto protocol action plan.
At the same time, India proposed afresh in the meeting to extend the time until 2023 for developing countries to reach targets for controlling carbon emissions.
India is making voluntary efforts and playing a pivotal role in controlling carbon emissions to control environmental pollution.
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Significantly, India has reduced 21 per cent of the carbon emissions as part of its GDP. It is also moving ahead with an action plan to reach target -- to reduce carbon emissions by 35 per cent as per Paris agreement.
It also expressed displeasure at the negligence of developed nations for going away from the set targets to reducing the carbon emissions.
All of sudden, European Union Federation has brought a green revolution proposal for achieving zero emissions target by 2050.
However, it is notably clear that Paris agreement implementation and its results totally rely on efforts to reach targets and keep promises to check carbon emissions by 2020.
Against the World Economy, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) also revealed in its report that unexpected changes in the atmosphere are showing adverse effects on the economy of the nations.
Thus, steep atmospheric changes are promoting financial inequalities among nations.
Global warming and devastating natural calamities lead to the possible spread of diseases and viral fevers.
It also throws big challenges to people like food and social security.
At this juncture, it is time for the nations to work in unison with a commitment to control carbon emissions adding to global warming woes across the world.
It is possible to improve clean oxygen despite changes in the atmosphere and also pave the way for achieving targets of all-round development.
The satisfying results can be achieved in controlling carbon emissions by integrated efforts of business and investors' group.
It is also possible to achieve qualitative changes by opting changes in terms of fuel and land usage procedures.
Set targets can be achieved by extending technical knowledge and financial support to developed nations vouching for implementing an action plan for controlling carbon emissions.
Instead of being stubborn, worldly nations have to put in coordinated, friendly and persistent efforts with responsibility.
It is not a big problem to implement the Paris Agreement if all nations come forward with an impeccable plan of action.
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