New Delhi: India’s healthcare requirements are not only about Covid-19 global pandemic as the real thrust of the budget lies in tackling the long-term healthcare challenges caused by the waterborne diseases like malaria, dengue, diarrhoea, typhoid and cholera, said a top official in the ministry of finance.
Expenditure Secretary TV Somanathan, who was responsible for allocating the resources to different schemes and programmes for Rs 34.83 lakh crore Union budget, says healthcare allocation for the next year is more about tackling long term challenges rather than tackling Covid-19, which could be a one-year event.
“In the long-run, our healthcare requirements are not only about Covid. It is more in terms of malaria and dengue, which are due to the presence of stagnant wastewater,” TV Somanthan told ETV Bharat in an exclusive interaction.
In the budget speech, finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced the launch of PM Atma Nirbhar Swasth Bharat Yojana with an allocation of over Rs 64,000 crore in the next six years to strengthen the three-tier healthcare system in the country.
However, nearly five times more money has been allocated to ensure the supply of clean water to 2.86 crore households in 4,378 local bodies under the Jal Jeevan Mission (Urban) and for liquid waste management in 500 cities. Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced an outlay of Rs 2.87 lakh crore over the five years.
“There are diseases like typhoid, cholera, diarrhoea which are due to unclean water which is why we have given special thrust on preventive health,” said the top officer.
Somanathan says in the next year's budget, a lot of money is going into water and sanitation, which is being described by the WHO as a very important healthcare requirement.
In her budget speech, Nirmala Sitharaman also talked about the WHO’s emphasis on clean water, sanitation and clean environment as a prerequisite to achieving universal health.
In order to achieve this goal, the finance minister allocated Rs 1.42 lakh crore to improve waste management in urban India over the next five years.
The money will be spent on faecal sludge management, wastewater treatment, source segregation of garbage, reduction in single-use plastic, reduction in air pollution by effectively managing waste from construction-and-demolition activities and bio-remediation of all legacy dump sites.
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Waterborne disease burden
In 2019, India reported 5.6 million cases of Malaria, a sharp decline from an average of 20 million annual cases at the start of the 21st century. However, according to the latest WHO data, the country still accounted for 86% of the total 9,000 Malaria related deaths reported from South-East Asia region in 2019 whereas a small neighbour like Sri Lanka has officially been certified Malaria free five years ago.
Similarly, waterborne diseases like diarrhoea, cholera, typhoid and viral hepatitis, are a persistent problem for policymakers.
According to the latest data given by the government in the Rajya Sabha last year, the country had 1.32 crore cases of Diarrhoea, 23 lakh cases of Typhoid in 2018 but Cholera cases declined to less than 700 cases in the year.
Long-term focus on healthcare
Experts have welcomed the long-term approach to solve India’s healthcare challenges that are not limited to Covid-19 pandemic alone.
“Covid-19 has truly highlighted the importance of safe and efficient sanitation. The Budget 2021 takes cognizance of the pertinent linkage between universal water and sanitation and universal health,” said Meera Mehta, Executive Director of the Center for Water and Sanitation, CRDF, CEPT University.
Mehta says there will now be a nationwide effort towards complete Faecal Sludge and Septage Management, which will have a positive impact on the environment.
“Allocation of Rs 2.87 lakh crore for wastewater management will catalyse the movement towards achieving the sustainable development goals (SDG) by 2030,” she told ETV Bharat.
Professor V Srinivas Chary, who is Director of the Centre for Energy, Environment, Urban Governance and Infrastructure Development at Administrative Staff College of India (ASCI), says the thrust of the next year’s budget is not only about creating infrastructure but also on the treatment of waste material which will ensure the protection of public health and water bodies.
“It is a game-changing budget from the point of view of inclusive sanitation in general and human waste management in particular,” Professor Chary told ETV Bharat.
“This budget will positively impact the urban poor,” he added.
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