Hyderabad:One of the most celebrated festivals across the globe, Christmas, is here. Observed annually on December 25, Christmas is a significant religious festival that has transcended its origins to become a global cultural and commercial phenomenon. Rooted in the Christian faith, it commemorates the birth of Jesus, a revered figure in Christianity, born to Joseph and Mary.
History of Christmas-
The term "Christmas" originates in Old English, translating to "Christ's Mass." Historically, the first documented Christmas celebration dates back to 336 during the reign of Roman Emperor Constantine, marking it as a longstanding tradition with a rich history.
The origins of Christmas intertwine with diverse cultural practices. Winter solstice, a time celebrated worldwide, predated the Christian era. Early Europeans, even before Jesus, found solace in the symbolism of light and birth during the darkest winter days. In Scandinavia, the Norse celebrated Yule around the winter solstice, while the Romans observed Saturnalia, a period of feasting and revelry, starting on December 17th.
Medieval festivities spanned twelve days, culminating in 'Twelfth Night' on January 6th, when presents were exchanged. Tudor Christmases added a touch of regality, with a bean determining a 'King' on Twelfth Night.
The Victorian era witnessed the evolution of Christmas into a more family-oriented festival. Queen Victoria and Prince Albert played pivotal roles in shaping the holiday, popularizing Christmas trees and emphasizing family-focused celebrations.
In the early Christian era, Easter held precedence over Jesus' birth. The decision to establish Christmas as a holiday occurred in the fourth century, despite the Bible's silence on the exact birth date. Pope Julius I selected December 25, a date believed to coincide with the pagan Saturnalia festival, aiding in the assimilation of traditions.
Ancient Christian legend links Jesus' conception to the Annunciation on March 25, aligning with December 25 as the day of his birth. While historical evidence suggests a spring birth, the church's choice of December 25 has endured, marking the culmination of a complex interweaving of traditions and beliefs.
Ultimately, Christmas has evolved over millennia, encompassing a tapestry of customs, both spiritual and secular, contributing to its universal appeal and enduring significance.
Who is Santa Claus?
Santa Claus, rooted in the benevolent St. Nicholas, emerged as a figure of generosity and protection. St. Nicholas was born in Turkey around AD 280. He was a bishop in the early Christian church who was persecuted and imprisoned for his beliefs. He gave away all of his inherited wealth and roamed the countryside, assisting the impoverished and sick, earning the title of "Protector of Children and Sailors."
In his honour, December 6 was designated as St. Nicholas Day. As time passed, each European society developed its version of St. Nicholas. Christkind or Kris Kringle (Christ child) accompanied St. Nicholas to bring presents to well-behaved youngsters in Swiss and German cultures. Jultomten was a cheerful elf who delivered gifts in Sweden by sleigh carried by goats. Then there was Father Christmas in England and Pere Noel in France.